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System Administration Commands fmthard(1M)
NAME
fmthard - populate label on hard disks
SYNOPSIS
SPARC
fmthard -d data | -n volume_name | -s datafile [-i]
/dev/rdsk/c? [t?] d?s2
x86
fmthard -d data | -n volume_name | -s datafile [-i] [-
p pboot] [-b bootblk] /dev/rdsk/c? [t?] d?s2
DESCRIPTION
The fmthard command updates the VTOC (Volume Table of Con-
tents) on hard disks and, on x86 systems, adds boot informa-
tion to the Solaris fdisk partition. One or more of the
options -s datafile, -d data, or -n volume_name must be used
to request modifications to the disk label. To print disk
label contents, see prtvtoc(1M). The /dev/rdsk/c?[t?]d ?s2
file must be the character special file of the device where
the new label is to be installed. On x86 systems, fdisk(1M)
must be run on the drive before fmthard.
If you are using an x86 system, note that the term ``parti-
tion'' in this page refers to slices within the x86 fdisk
partition on x86 machines. Do not confuse the partitions
created by fmthard with the partitions created by fdisk.
OPTIONS
The following options are supported:
-d data The data argument of this option is
a string representing the informa-
tion for a particular partition in
the current VTOC. The string must be
of the format
part:tag:flag:start:size where part
is the partition number, tag is the
ID TAG of the partition, flag is the
set of permission flags, start is
the starting sector number of the
partition, and size is the number of
sectors in the partition. See the
description of the datafile below
for more information on these
fields.
-i This option allows the command to
create the desired VTOC table, but
prints the information to standard
output instead of modifying the VTOC
on the disk.
-n volume_name This option is used to give the disk
a volume_name up to 8 characters
long.
-s datafile This option is used to populate the
VTOC according to a datafile created
by the user. If the datafile is "-",
fmthard reads from standard input.
The datafile format is described
below. This option causes all of the
disk partition timestamp fields to
be set to zero.
Every VTOC generated by fmthard will
also have partition 2, by conven-
tion, that corresponds to the whole
disk. If the input in datafile does
not specify an entry for partition
2, a default partition 2 entry will
be created automatically in VTOC
with the tag V_BACKUP and size equal
to the full size of the disk.
The datafile contains one specifica-
tion line for each partition, start-
ing with partition 0. Each line is
delimited by a new-line character
(\n). If the first character of a
line is an asterisk (*), the line is
treated as a comment. Each line is
composed of entries that are
position-dependent, separated by
"white space" and having the follow-
ing format:
partition tag flag starting_sector
size_in_sectors
where the entries have the following
values:
partition The partition
number. Currently,
for Solaris SPARC, a
disk can have up to
8 partitions, 0-7.
Even though the par-
tition field has 4
bits, only 3 bits
are currently used.
For x86, all 4 bits
are used to allow
slices 0-15. Each
Solaris fdisk parti-
tion can have up to
16 slices.
tag The partition tag: a
decimal number. The
following are
reserved codes: 0
(V_UNASSIGNED), 1
(V_BOOT), 2
(V_ROOT), 3
(V_SWAP), 4 (V_USR),
5 (V_BACKUP), 6
(V_STAND), 7
(V_VAR), and 8
(V_HOME).
flag The flag allows a
partition to be
flagged as unmount-
able or read only,
the masks being:
V_UNMNT 0x01, and
V_RONLY 0x10. For
mountable partitions
use 0x00.
starting_sector The sector number
(decimal) on which
the partition
starts.
size_in_sectors The number (decimal)
of sectors occupied
by the partition.
You can save the output of a prtvtoc
command to a file, edit the file,
and use it as the datafile argument
to the -s option.
x86 Options
The functionality provided by the following two x86 options
is also provided by installboot(1M). Because the functional-
ity described here may be removed in future versions of
fmthard, you should use installboot to install boot records.
The following options are supported:
-b bootblk This option allows the user to override the
default bootblk file,
/usr/platform/platform-
name/lib/fs/ufs/bootblk. The boot block
file is platform dependent, where platform-
name can be determined using the -i option
to uname(1).
-p pboot This option allows the user to override the
default partition boot file,
/usr/platform/platform-
name/lib/fs/ufs/pboot. The partition boot
file is platform dependent, where platform-
name can be determined using the -i option
to uname(1).
ATTRIBUTES
See attributes(5) for descriptions of the following attri-
butes:
____________________________________________________________
| ATTRIBUTE TYPE | ATTRIBUTE VALUE |
|_____________________________|_____________________________|
| Availability | SUNWcsu |
|_____________________________|_____________________________|
SEE ALSO
uname(1), format(1M), prtvtoc(1M), attributes(5)
x86 Only
fdisk(1M), installboot(1M)
NOTES
Special care should be exercised when overwriting an exist-
ing VTOC, as incorrect entries could result in current data
being inaccessible. As a precaution, save the old VTOC.
For disks under one terabyte, fmthard cannot write a VTOC on
an unlabeled disk. Use format(1M) for this purpose.
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